Walker vs. cane vs. crutches after knee replacement

Quick answer: Most people go through all three, in order: a walker right after surgery, sometimes crutches for stairs in week 1, then a cane once balance comes back. All three are Medicare-covered with a prescription — the one item cluster on this checklist where nothing is excluded.
The fact

Walker, cane, and crutches are all Medicare-covered DME after knee replacement — HCPCS E0143 (folding wheeled walker), E0100 (cane), and E0114 (crutches, underarm, pair) each have a Medicare fee-schedule entry.

That makes mobility aids the one item cluster on this checklist where nothing is excluded from the DME benefit. But usage isn't even: Medicare paid claims for the walker 508,460 times nationally in DY2024 (about $24.1M), crutches 44,541 times (about $1.9M), and the cane just 27,202 times (about $540K) — the utilization gap roughly tracks how many people end up needing each one at all, not just how the sequencing goes.

Source: CMS DMEPOS Fee Schedule, July 2026 (DME26-C) + CMS DMEPOS utilization by Geography/Service, DY2024 (published with a ~1.5-year lag)

Which one comes first?

That's a common pattern, not a protocol. The actual week you switch — or whether you use crutches at all — is your surgeon's or physical therapist's call, made from how your knee is healing, not a calendar.

Is Medicare really covering all three?

Yes. Unlike the bath-safety cluster (raised toilet seats, shower chairs — zero Medicare fee-schedule entries by statute), every device here has one:

Medicare DMEPOS fee-schedule status, all three mobility-aid codes
DeviceHCPCSMedicare fee rangeDY2024 claimsPolicy citation
Folding wheeled walker E0143 $55.55–$125.91 508,460 Walkers – Policy Article (A52503), LCD L33791
Crutches, underarm, pair (non-wood) E0114 $57.17–$88.73 44,541 Canes and Crutches – Policy Article (A52459), LCD L33733
Cane E0100 $25.53–$48.89 27,202 Canes and Crutches – Policy Article (A52459), LCD L33733

E0114 is the standard aluminum underarm pair — the one most people mean by "a pair of crutches." Medicare bills it almost 38x more often than forearm crutches (E0110, 1,179 claims in DY2024).

How often each one is actually billed
0 137284.3 274568.5 411852.8 549137 Walker (E0143) 508,460 claims Crutches (E0114) 44,541 claims Cane (E0100) 27,202 claims
Walkers get billed to Medicare about 11x more often than crutches and 19x more often than canes — a rough proxy for how many people end up needing each device at all, on top of the sequencing. Source: CMS DMEPOS utilization by Geography/Service, DY2024.
How often each one is actually billed
ItemValue
Walker (E0143)508,460 claims
Crutches (E0114)44,541 claims
Cane (E0100)27,202 claims

What do you actually pay, and how?

Three things have to line up before Medicare pays anything toward any of these three:

  1. A written order from your doctor. Not just a purchase receipt — an actual order tied to medical necessity.
  2. A Medicare-enrolled supplier. Medicare only pays claims from a supplier holding a DMEPOS supplier number (42 CFR § 424.57(b)) — a retail purchase from a non-enrolled seller doesn't get reimbursed, even with a valid order.
  3. 20% coinsurance, on you. Medicare pays 80% of the lesser of the actual charge or the fee-schedule amount; you owe the rest, after your Part B deductible (42 CFR § 414.210(a)).

One thing we can't tell you yet: how the Medicare fee compares to a retail sticker price for the same walker, cane, or crutches. We haven't verified live retail listings for these three — that comparison will go on the walker gear page once real prices are checked, not estimated.

Is it OK to just borrow a walker?

Yes. Walkers get handed down and borrowed constantly — a neighbor's, a parent's, one that's been in a closet for years. Medicare's prescription-and-supplier path above is one option, not a requirement.

The one thing worth doing first: check the borrowed walker's brand and model against the CPSC recall list. It takes a couple of minutes — see the borrowing checklist for exactly how to run it.

This page covers what each device is called, what Medicare pays toward it, and when people commonly use it — not when you personally should switch. That's your surgeon's or physical therapist's call, made from your actual healing, not a fixed weekly schedule.

Go deeper

Sources

  1. CMS DMEPOS Fee Schedule, July 2026 release (DME26-C) — purchase-fee ranges for E0143, E0100, E0114, E0110
  2. CMS DMEPOS utilization by Geography and Service, DY2024 — national claim counts and totals; live data.cms.gov API
  3. Walkers – DME MAC Policy Article (A52503)
  4. Canes and Crutches – DME MAC Policy Article (A52459)
  5. 42 CFR § 414.210(a) — DME payment basis (80% of fee-schedule amount)
  6. 42 CFR § 424.57(b) — DMEPOS supplier enrollment requirement